Amount of soil carbon has great impact on diversity of flora and fauna in desert type ecosystem. The study was conducted in Cholistan Wildlife Sanctuary (CWLS) and Lal Suhanra National Park (LSNP) to evaluate flora and fauna in contradiction of soil carbon stock. On the basis of stratification, vegetation structure and animal diversity; direct and indirect observations were made for biological diversity. Permanent 80 by 80m (0.64 ha) study sites was selected for sampling diversity of flora and fauna, while permanent transects of 805 by 62m (4.9 ha) was established for birds’ inventory. During the floral study LSNP include 40 families including 103 Genus and 143 species while CWLS have 31 families including 85 genus and 123 species. found move diversity of birds including 28 species, mammals including 24 species and reptiles have 12 species in LSNP while birds include19 species, mammals 15 species and reptiles have 08 species in CWLS. Conclusively we can say soil carbon has positive impact on floral diversity which ultimately influence the fauna of the region. Higher will be the soil carbon greater will be the flora and fauna. In future limited soil C will also lower the biological diversity.

Keyword: Carbon, Cholistan, Fauna, Flora, LSNP, Sanctuary, Soil