The shear strength of soil is a critical factor in the engineering of foundations, and extensive research has been conducted to enhance soil robustness. Historically, studies have incorporated various admixtures and chemical stabilizers to augment soil's geotechnical characteristics. While conventional binders such as cement demonstrate significant stabilization capabilities, their economic feasibility and environmental impact are concerns. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in developing alternative cementitious materials with reduced carbon dioxide emissions. Initiatives have focused on the adoption of eco-friendly binding agents with minimal carbon impact, utilizing industrial by-products like fly ash. This has led to the exploration of such waste materials in the formulation of geopolymer binders, potentially offering an environmentally sustainable and effective solution for augmenting the strength of soft soils. This review emphasizes prior investigations into the utilization of fly ash in the synthesis of geopolymers as a soil stabilizer and examines the prospects and challenges associated with the alkaline activation of alumino-silicate materials (geopolymerization) as a substitute for traditional cement.