It has been know that nanoparticles and its compounds have strong inhibitory and microbial activities for bacteria, virus, and fungi. In today’s world due to the outbreak of infectious diseases coused by different pathogenic bacteria and development of antibiotic resistance the pharmaceutical companies and the researchers are searching for new antimicrobial agent. The synthesis, characterization and application of biologically synthesized nanoparticles have now become an important factor of nanotechnology. Nanoparticles are manufactured worldwide in large quantities for use in a wide range of application. The green synthesis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles in an expanding research area due to the potential applications for the development of novel technologies.More recent advancement in researches on metal nanoparticles. A nanoparticle has lot of scope for health care products such as burn dressings, antimicrobial applications, medical devices and scaffolds. Various type of method used to synthesis of nanoparticles with including chemical reduction, photochemical reactions, electrochemical techniques and green chemistry route. In this paper we repot highlighted about the various plants, fungi, bacteris and actinomycetes used in this process, synthesizing methodology; nanoparticles shape, size and their application as antimicrobials in elatorate manner. We also highlighted the basic mechanism by which nanoparticles interact with microbes.

Keywords: Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles, Transition metal Nanoparticles, Antimicrobial Activity.