Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, which is characterized by the impaired daily normal functions due to loss of neurons progressively in the brain. Accumulation of abnormal amyloid plaques and tau proteins are two pathological hallmarks in affected brain regions. The detailed mechanism of the pathogenesis of AD is still unclear; but a large body of evidence suggests that damaged mitochondria likely play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis of AD. It is believed that healthy mitochondria not only support normal neuronal activity by providing enough energy supply, but also guards neurons by minimizing mitochondrial related oxidative damage. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in the pathogenesis of AD and discuss mechanisms underlying in Alzheimer’s disease, factors influencing Alzheimer’s disease, Progression of AD, Types of Alzheimer’s Dementias.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, mitochondrial dynamics, Axonal transport, Amyloid beta, Tau.