Agriculture in India is the vertical backbone of the country and is regarded as the largest sector of the countrys economic activity. It is the major sector of the State economy, in which the majority of people earn their livelihood. Though the share of agriculture in the aggregate economy has declined rapidly during the planned development of the country, it assumes a pivotal role in the rural economy. The contributory share of agriculture in GDP has declined from 55.4 per cent in 1950 to 51 to 18.5 per cent in 2006 to 07. Agriculture at present, provides livelihood to 60 per cent of the total population. The sector provides employment to 58.4 per cent of countrys workforce and is the single largest private enterprise. By this way income and expenditure patterns of the agricultural laborers have been changed. At present conditions the number of people living below poverty line has been declining to a certain extent  the study focus on the historical background of the female agricultural laborers’, factors contributing towards the backwardness of the female agricultural laborers’ and the decision making process of female agricultural landless laborers’ in adjacent to urban and rural villages.and problems faced by agriculture labours and contraction labours .

Key words:

Agricultural labour, Urban and Rural villages. Government, contration labours, Womens