The study examined the link between military intervention in Niger and resistance to France’s neo-colonial influence in the region. The recent recurrence of military coups has significantly impacted regional security in West Africa, leading to the suspension of numerous security arrangements and bilateral relations between affected countries and regional economic blocs such as the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Scholars have analyzed the causes of these coups from various perspectives, with bad governance, poverty, and the failure of Nigerien politicians to embrace the democratic process being dominant themes in academic discourse. This research, however, views the repeated occurrence of coups in Niger as a form of military and national resistance against neo-colonial influence, particularly that exerted by France and its Western allies. Adopting a systematic review approach and grounded in Marxist theory on post-colonial Africa, the study identifies key drivers of military coups, including France's interference in Niger’s political, internal, and military affairs. The study concludes that military coups in Africa can be understood as a form of resistance against neo-colonialism and the lingering effects of colonial domination. The study recommends that the United Nations, in collaboration with the African Union and ECOWAS, should support Niger in achieving true political and economic independence from French control.