This study examined the concentration and molecular effects of bisphenol A (BPA), a prominent environmental pollutant, in various water sources. Recent research has reported rising BPA levels in aquatic ecosystems, primarily due to plastic pollution. This investigation focused on understanding the partial degradation of BPA under environmental conditions, specifically through exposure to light and oxygen.

The findings revealed significantly higher BPA concentrations in river samples and reverse osmosis (RO) water stations compared to control samples, indicating that these water sources face an elevated risk of contamination. To evaluate the molecular impact of BPA on living organisms, an in vivo comet assay was utilized. This sensitive technique assesses DNA strand breaks and repair mechanisms, providing valuable insights into genotoxic effects across different species, tissues, and types of DNA damage.

The results, analyzed using the single-cell gel electrophoresis index, showed a substantial increase in the comet index in laboratory animals exposed to BPA, particularly when measured by tail length. These findings highlight significant DNA damage associated with exposure to varying BPA concentrations. This study emphasizes the urgent need to address BPA pollution and its potential genotoxic effects on wildlife and, potentially, human health.

Keywords: Bisphenol, Concentration, Aquatic Systems, DNA damage, Molecular effects.