Introduction: This study investigates the relationship between digital trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Bethlehem residents in the context of the Israeli war on Gaza. The research aims to understand how exposure to violent digital content impacts mental health, focusing on variables such as gender, age, and the type of digital platform used. Methods: A descriptive correlational methodology was employed, involving a sample of 312 active digital platform users. Data were collected using a 20-item Digital Trauma Scale and the PTSD Checklist (PCL-5), both of which demonstrated high reliability and validity. Results: The findings reveal no statistically significant differences in digital trauma levels between males and females. However, significant differences were observed based on age, with the 26-35 age group showing higher susceptibility. Digital trauma was also more pronounced among Instagram users compared to Facebook and Telegram users. Regarding PTSD, no significant gender differences were found except in avoidance symptoms, where females exhibited higher levels. The type of digital platform also influenced PTSD levels, with TikTok users experiencing higher PTSD symptoms compared to Telegram users. A positive correlation between digital trauma and PTSD was identified. Conclusions: The study highlights the significant impact of digital trauma on mental health in conflict zones, particularly among certain age groups and social media platform users. The results underscore the need for targeted psychological support to mitigate the effects of digital trauma and reduce PTSD among affected populations.

Keywords: digital trauma, PTSD, Israeli war on Gaza, Bethlehem, social media platforms.