The current study aims to explore the pharmacological potential of Momordica balsamina fruit by characterising its bioactive components. Polarity based extraction was carried out with methanol, ethanol, methanol+ethanol (1:1) and methanol+ethanol (extract pooled) to get concentrated crude extracts of biocativesTo verify the biological activity, crude protein extraction was also carried out.  The LC-MS profiling of M. balsamina enlists compounds of different classes such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumaric acid derivatives, xanthones, quinolines, glycosides, and monoterpenoids. The HPLC results showed that 18 phenolic acids were detected, including 3 unknown phenolic acids (not identified) and three classes of compounds such as cinnamic acid derivatives, benzoic acid derivatives and aldehyde derivatives. By using reported standard protocols, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and cytotoxic activity was carried out to assess the potential of compounds. The maximum efficacy was obtained from methanol+ethanol(1:1) as compared to other extracts in selected plants. Maximum growth inhibition zones (23.66±2.86) were seen in gram positive bacterial strains in case of ethanol. MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxic activity of all crude extracts using HepG7 cell lines. Methanol+Ethanol (1:1) extract showed remarkable cytotoxic effect against HepG7 cell lines, reducing % viability. For in vivo antidiabetic studies specifically targeting diabetic cardiomyopathy, Methanol+Ethanol (1:1) extract was chosen. Momordica balsamina showed significant improvement in serum insulin levels of diabetic mice administered regularly with 500mg/kg of plant extracts. The results showed decline in the serum LDH and CK-MB levels as compared to diabetic control groups. Significant decline in Troponin-I level was also observed in our treated groups. Moreover, histopathological analysis of heart and pancreas in diabetic, normal and in treated mice groups indicate the protective effects of the selected plant extracts on cardiac and pancreatic functions. Our study’s findings revealed that M. balsamina native to Pakistan have great pharmacological significance and an ideal candidate to use as medicine.

Key words: Characterization, Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Anti-Inflammatory, MTT assay