This research focused on analysing the types, diversity, and abundance of bird species within the BTAP closures compartment Baz-02, encompassing Kowari Genwal and Masar, located in the nearby controlled area with similar land use. The study employed a point count method, leading to the observation of a total of 49 bird species were recorded in both research sites. The Black Bulbul exhibited the greatest relative prevalence at 0.0079 within the BTAP closure, while the Barn Swallow Bird held the highest relative prevalence at 0.138 within the controlled areas. The total bird population recorded across the entire research area was 553, with 260 of them observed in the controlled areas. Notably, the BTAP closure exhibited higher species diversity (H=3.25) compared to the controlled areas (H=2.73). The BTAP Closures contained 31 different bird species, while the controlled areas had 18 species. Among these species, the Steppe Eagle, classified as endangered according to the IUCN Red List, was found in both research sites. Additionally, the Mountain Hawk Eagle, listed as nearly threatened, was present, and the rest of the species were categorized as least concerned. The Accipitridae family had the highest representation among families in BTAP closures, comprising 16.1% of the species, followed by the Columbidae family at 12%. In controlled areas, the Accipitridae family was also the most dominant among the nine families, accounting for 27.78% of the species, with the Pycnonotidae family coming next at 16.67%. As per the Simpson Diversity Index, the controlled areas display a species richness of 92%, whereas the closures exhibit a slightly higher species richness of 95%. Additionally, the Sorenson diversity index is recorded at 0.20 for both research sites. The standard deviation for the closed areas is 0.02289, while for the controlled areas, it is 0.157. After T-test analysis, the resulting P-value is greater than 0.9999. According to the findings of this study, the BTAP Closures have seen an enhancement in vegetation cover, better control over grazing and forest fires, increased regulation of hunting and poaching, as well as the collection of grass and fuelwood. These efforts have led to improved ecological conditions and habitat quality. Additionally, the involvement of forest-based communities in social fencing and the implementation of Naghban's recommendations, as endorsed by the forest department, have played a significant role in fostering an upward trend in avian biodiversity within the BTAP Closures.

Index terms-Closures, social fencing, endangered, Ecological conditions, avian biodiversity