Nanoparticles, with the potential to revolutionize various fields, were synthesized using plant extracts in biogenic magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs). Magnesium oxide (MgO), a white, hygroscopic solid with a lattice structure of Mg2+ and O2- ions, is nontoxic and environmentally friendly, making it suitable for medical and biotechnological applications. Through green synthesis with foxnut extract and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, MgONPs of 14 nm size and high crystallinity were produced, yielding 0.45g. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed their trigonal shape. MgONPs showed significant anticancer activity against HT29, HCT116, and Vero cells, with an IC50 value of 164.1 µg/mL for HT29 cells, consistently reducing cell viability with increasing concentrations.

Keywords: MgO, nanoparticles, green synthesis, foxnut, anticancer