Crop diversification is the most vital strategy for developing sustainable agriculture that enables farmers to maximize yields, minimize inputs, preserve the base of resources, and lower the risks associated with ecological and environmental concerns. The extent of crop diversification was calculated, and its determinants were analyzed using the Simpson index of diversification and Tobit data regression analysis, respectively. The study was conducted in four (4) districts, i.e. Faisalabad, Chiniot, Toba Tek Singh, and Jhang of mixed cropping zone, and data was gathered from 200 respondents. The mean diversification index for all the diversified farmers was estimated to be 0.7. The findings revealed that irrigation, fertilizers, and mechanization are the primary factors influencing the region's transition towards high-value commodities, which reduces diversification. Conversely, access to primary markets positively influences diversification. Further, several other factors, such as farmers' socioeconomic situation like age, years of formal education, availability of farm inputs, irrigation, extension services, membership of farmers' association, and cropping land shares, can greatly and significantly influence crop diversity sustainability, particularly for small-holder farmers who are engaged in crop diversity. The inferences drawn from the findings highlighted the need for policy support in the form of improved marketing infrastructure, inexpensive and easy access to agricultural credit for the construction of irrigation systems and farm mechanization, and suitable technologies to boost farm income and enhance farmers' crop diversity and livelihoods in the study areas.

Key words: Farmers; crop diversification drivers; Punjab province Pakistan