Plantago ovata is an important medicinal herb that is also referred to as Isabgol or Ispaghol with pharmaceutical applications, particularly in Iran, Pakistan, and India. This study aimed to assess the performance of Ispaghol's yield and development with different sowing methods. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of PARC, Arid Zone Research Institute Bahawalpur. Germplasm from five different accessions obtained from IABGR, NARC, Islamabad, Pakistan, was used with three replications and five treatments of a randomized complete block design (RCBD), during the rabi season of 2019-21. Four sowing techniques were employed, including Ridge Sowing (T1), Broadcast Method (T2), Line Sowing or Drill Method (T3), and Flatbed Sowing (T4). Eight genetic parameters, including 50% flowering, floral initiation, Height of plant, Number of tillers per plants, number of spikes per plant, Spike length, days to maturity and plant-specific seed production were noted. to evaluate the impact of sowing techniques on Ispaghol growth. Statistical analysis with genetic variables revealed significant differences across all parameters, suggesting the potential for selecting desired attributes. The results indicated that Line Sowing or Drill Method (T3) and Ridge Sowing (T1) resulted in the highest seed yield per hectare, while the Broadcast Method (T2) showed the lowest seed yield across all five Plantago ovata genotypes. T3 (Line Sowing or Drill Method) demonstrated the best growth performance, followed by T1 (Ridge Sowing) and T4 (Flatbed Sowing), while T2 (Broadcast) exhibited the lowest seed yield and overall growth performance. These findings contribute valuable insights into optimizing sowing techniques for Ispaghol cultivation, enhancing seed yield, and promoting its medicinal applications.

Index Terms- Germplasm, Accessions, Pharmaceutical applications, sowing techniques, cultivation