Despite the remarkable progress and accomplishments in the fields of medicine and technology, several diseases remain highly fatal or incurable, even in the 21st century. The utilization of stem cells is a viable approach for treating such disorders. The regenerative capacity of stem cells has facilitated the development of treatments for various illnesses that result in organ damage. This review has examined the utility of stem cells in treating a wide range of medical conditions, including vascular disorders, neurological illnesses, autoimmune diseases, ophthalmologic diseases, renal diseases, hepatic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, skeletal diseases, Covid-19, and cancer. It has been determined that stem cells represent the next generation of weapons in the fight against illness and injury.