In this research, we investigated an elemental study of selected medicinal plants collected from different areas of district Lakki Marwat, for better understanding, we were taken seeds and plants of selected medicinal plants. Our study sought to evaluate the pharmacological and health risks that may be related to these plants' elemental compositions. The results showed varying levels of heavy metal contamination across the different plant species. Lead (Pb) concentrations were particularly high in Pennisetum glaucum (seed) at 8.05 mg/kg, followed by Coriandrum sativum (l) at 4.96 mg/kg and Cicer arientinum (s) at 4.71 mg/kg, raising concerns about potential negative health effects. On the other hand, zinc (Zn), a trace element that is vital for immunological function, was found in higher concentrations in Pennisetum glucam (seed) at 2.19 mg/kg, suggesting that it may play a part in augmenting the therapeutic qualities of these plants. Amounts of copper (Cu) were also noteworthy; leaves of Coriandrum sativum (l) had amounts of 1.42 mg/kg and 2.19 mg/kg, respectively, indicating that this plant may be harmful and should be handled with caution. The element iron (Fe), which is necessary for all living things, was discovered in large quantities, especially in Pennisetum glaucum seed (6.3 mg/kg). Last but not least, the presence of the hazardous metal cadmium (Cd) at high concentrations in Coriandrum sativum (l) at 0.08 mg/kg caused alarm. A comparative examination of the metal concentrations in these particular plants highlights the need to evaluate the presence of heavy metal contamination in conventional medical practices and stresses the significance of developing protocols for the appropriate use of herbal treatments. These findings provide important new understandings of the molecular makeup of medicinal plants and their possible pharmacological effects, which will help traditional healthcare systems employ these plants in a safer and more knowledgeable manner.

Key words:

Heavy metal contamination, Health risks, Lakki Marwat, and Pharmacological implications