Therapeutic plants contain natural products known as phytochemicals. Locally available remedial plant leaves such as Aloe barbadensis (Aloe vera), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Moringa oleifera (Horseradish tree), Psidium guajava (Guava) and Syzygium cumini (jambolana), were selected and extracted by two methods including sonication-assisted extraction and percolation-assisted extraction in ethanol. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, scavenging assays, antimicrobial activity, antidiabetic activity, antihemolytic activity, anti-lipid peroxidation activity was determined using pre-established standard protocols. Chemical properties by Thin layer chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method were determined. In antioxidant activity, Psidium guajava showed highest reducing ability (1.6%) whereas, least (0.8%) reducing ability was observed by Moringa oleifera. In scavenging assays, Psidium guajava showed high absorbance (63.44%) while Azadirachta indica was poor scavenger (43.94%). In hydrogen peroxidation assay Psidium guajava showed better results than Aloe barbadensis. In antimicrobial activity Syzygium cumini gave higher zone of inhibition for all selected bacteria compared to Salmonella typhii whereas, Psidium guajava gave higher zone of inhibition. In antidiabetic activity, higher glucose uptake by yeast cells (36%) was observed in the presence of Aloe barbadensis while in the presence of Psidium guajava sonicated extracts least glucose uptake capacity was shown by yeast cells. The antihemolytic activity of Psidium guajava extract at higher concentration has more % inhibition of RBS lysis (81.76%) while Moringa oleifera extract showed least percentage inhibition of lysis of RBC (50.11%). In anti-lipid peroxidation activity Moringa oleifera inhibited lipid peroxidation (52.9%) while Aloe barbadensis showed poor anti-lipid peroxidation (27.2%). The TLC analysis results were better observed when butanol: acetic acid: distilled water was used as solvent. In FT-IR analysis, Syzygium cumini showed greater number of peaks. All poly extracts gave good biological activities.  The presence of the biological activities of these compounds can make these plants an alternative treatment to different medicines.

Key words: Antioxidant activity, Bioactive agents, Anti-diabetic Activity, Anti-hemolytic activity, Antimicrobial activity, Therapeutics.