Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in novel materials, including graphene derivatives, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, perovskites, metal oxides, and other metal nanostructures [1–4]. These materials possess exceptional physical, optical, thermal, and electrical properties due to their 2D ultrathin atomic layer structure, large interlayer distance, ease of functionalization, and bandgap tunability. They have found applications in various rapidly expanding fields such as energy (photovoltaics, energy storage, fuel cells, hydrogen storage, catalysis, etc.), electronics, photonics, spintronics, and sensing devices [5–8]. Their continuous use in nanostructure-based applications has led to significant improvements in existing products and the exploration of novel functionalities [9–11].

Keywords:

Optoelectronics; light-emitting diodes (leds); photo detector