Background:  Parents of a sick child should have adequate knowledge about the illness, and optimum knowledge of the medicine prescribed by physicians and their dosage. Aim: To assess the knowledge and practice of mothers regarding pediatric liquid medicine administration in Al Tarmiyah district. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Al Tarmiyah district from February to July 2023. 150 mothers attending Al Tarmiyah hospital and a conveniently selected number of primary health care centers in the district were directly interviewed using a questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 150 mothers were included, 49.3% had average knowledge regarding administration of pediatric liquid dosage forms. Many mothers were unaware of the correct measurements of household spoons, the appropriate time for keeping reconstituted oral suspension, the duration of giving therapy, and the correct time for giving treatment in relation to meals. The study also found that 65.3% of mothers had average practice in administering medications to their children.There was no significant difference between knowledge and practice. Higher education and being employed were associated with average knowledge and the average practice was significantly associated with secondary level of education, being an employed mother and lower family number. Conclusion: this study revealed that about half of the interviewed mothers had poor knowledge regarding administration of pediatric liquid dosage forms. And (65.3%) mothers have an average practice. The study recommended that there is a need for health education campaigns to raise awareness among mothers about pediatric liquid dosage forms. Involving pharmacists in providing sufficient and accurate information to caregivers and using mass media to educate the public and increase awareness on this crucial topic.

Keywords: pediatric, liquid dosage, knowledge, practice.