Dairy production is an important source of livelihood in Assam for rural people and generates regular income to the farmer. Bovine family is a process to convert available feed and fodder material into milk and other byproducts. Agro-climatic zone in the study area is an extension of climate classification keeping in view the suitability to agriculture. Dairy farming can act as an instrument to enhance the income and livelihood of small and marginal land holders and it can act as an important subsidiary source of income. The aim of this paper is to study the status of bovine stock and production in Assam. Another objective of this study is to analyze the factors associated with the milk production in Assam using principal compound analysis. Principal component analysis was used to study the factors which together impinge on the milk production in Assam. In the present study the agro-climatic and diary related variables were considered to study effect of agro-climatic zone on the dairy production. Dairy farming in Assam is a part of integrated agricultural system where dairy and agriculture complement each other.

Effective planning and policy making for the development of dairy sector in a state could be brought about by studying the factors associated with milk production at macro level.

Keywords: Agro-climatic zone, Dairy cattle production and Assam