The pharmacognostic features of methanolic extracts from Carthamus oxyacantha, Thevetia Peruviana and Otostegia limbata were examined aimed at their potential as anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antipyretic and analgesic agents. The methanolic extract (200 & 400 mg/kg) were employed. Carrageenin-induced paw edema and Acetic acid-induced writhing were used for anti-inflammatory and Analgesic activities assessed in mice correspondingly. Anti-pyretic activity was evaluated through brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia while charcoal meal tests was used to evaluate anti-spasmodic activity in mice. The results revealed significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing in mice in a dose-dependent manner, with Otostegia limbata demonstrating the highest inhibition at 45.45%. In anti-inflammatory activity, Carthamus oxyacantha and Thevetia Peruviana exhibited the highest reduction in inflammation from 1.3-1.0 cm after 4 hours. Anti-pyretic potential of selected plants were not satisfying compared to Paracetamol (standard drug), while it showed impressive results compared to control. Otostegia limbata showed the highest reduction in rectal temperature, lowering it from 38.39-38.11 ℃ at 4 hours. The antispasmodic response of tested medicinal plants was substantial, with Otostegia limbata showing the highest charcoal meal movement at 51.3%, followed by Carthamus oxyacantha at 35.7%. In conclusion, antispasmodic, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties were observed in all selected plants. Additionally, pharmacognostic study of these plants opens new avenues for research and provides valuable insights for research scholars conducting molecular and phyto-chemical investigations on these plants.

 Index-term: anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, methanolic extract, anti-spasmodic.