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INCREASING THE INCOME OF FARMERS BY CHANGING THE ROTATION OF FARM GROWN BOMBAX CEIBA (SIMAL) IN CENTRAL PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

. Khayyam Anjum, Mohammad Zohaib Anjum, Shahid Hafeez, Junaid Naseer, Hafiz Masood Ahmad and Talha Faridi


Abstract

This study was carried out with the objective to determine whether income of farmers may be enhanced by changing the rotation of Bombax ceiba (simal) trees. This study was conducted in Tehsil Samundri (District Faisalabad), Punjab, Pakistan in the year 2022-23. 10 villages were randomly selected from Tehsil Samundri. 270 trees of Bombax ceiba were selected from these 10 villages. The minimum age of trees was 1 year and maximum age was 9 years. The price of standing trees was inquired from the farmer and noted. It was found that average price of 2, 4, 5 and 9 years old trees was Rs. 3506.67, 4496.67, 5743.33 and 11660 respectively. Discounting was carried out at discount rate of 22% set by the state bank of Pakistan for the year 2022-23. Different rotations were tested viz. 9 years, (5+4=9 years), (4+ 5 = 9 years) and (3+3+3=9 years). Net present worth was Rs. 1939.23, 2864.83, 2977.13 and 4215.16 at above mentioned rotations respectively. The NPW for cultivation of B. ceiba trees was highly positive in call rotation options.  But it was maximum at fourth rotation (3+3+3=9 years). Sensitivity analysis was carried out. The NPW was Rs.4213.64 and Rs. 4199.97 by increasing costs by 10 and 100% respectively, at (3+3+3=9 years) rotation. The NPW was Rs. 3790.605 and Rs. 2098.47 by decreasing benefits by 10% and 50% respectively at above mentioned rotation. Which indicates that cultivation of B. ceiba is highly profitable even if costs are increased by 100% or profit is decreased by 50%.  Fourth rotation (3+3+3=9 years) was found to be the most profitable rotation with NPW of Rs. 4215.16. So, farmers are recommended to cultivate this tree on their farmlands, at 3 years continuous rotations, to get maximum profit.

Keywords:     Farmer’s income, Costs, Benefits, Net Present Worth, Rotation, Bombax ceiba.

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