Introduction

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a serious health issue that is foremost among bacterial infections. It is globally affecting millions of people of any gender, genetic factors, age, sexual activity, and race. This study is designed to check the prevalence, nature, and frequency of antibiotic resistance of uropathogens encountered in urine samples of patients diagnosed with UTI.

Methods

A retrospective 6 months study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. The study was performed on 1050 urine samples. These were then tested for the presence of uropathogens and diagnosis of UTI was confirmed when there were at least 10⁵ colony-forming units (CFU)/ml of urine. After confirmation antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed with antibiotic discs.

Results

Out of 1050 tested urine samples, 1037 (69.1%) were tested positive for the bacterial pathogens while 13 (1.2%) were negative. UTI is more prevalent in Females 590 (56.0%) and males 447 (43.1%). For the said period the highest percentage of infection was found in young adults aged 16-40 years (640 (61.1%)). most abundantly found was E. coli (402 cases), followed by S. aureus (202), S.saprophyticus (102). E-Coli has shown resistance against almost all the tested antibiotics. The highest resistance was observed with Cefixime, Nalidixic acid, Ampicillin, and Cefipime However ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone maintained good activity against uropathogens.

Conclusion:

Unnecessary use of antibiotics has also led to the development of resistance against several antibiotics. There is a dire need for continuous surveillance against antibiotic resistance so that the spread of resistant strains can be prevented and healthcare professionals can be provided with better knowledge for the treatment of UTI.

Keywords: UTI, Antibiotic resistance, E.Coli