This study gives a thorough analysis into the use of powder metallurgy to create a TiNiPd ternary shape memory alloy (SMA). Focusing on comparing alloys created using the argon-arc melting process, the study examines the effects of compacting pressure and copper concentration on transition temperature and thermal hysteresis. A thorough microstructural analysis was performed to look at how solution treatment, annealing, and ageing affected the phase transformation temperatures and shape memory properties. The outcomes showed that the alloy microstructure was altered by the annealing and ageing processes, resulting in the production of stable high-temperature precipitates. Notably, ageing and solution treatment increased hardness values and decreased porosity %. These results highlight the critical importance of particular elemental substitutions and processing factors in modifying the TiNiPd SMA's characteristics and expanding the range of applications for which it can be used. The knowledge gathered from this study's insights is useful for building and optimising novel ternary shape memory alloys with improved performance properties. It also advances the field of shape memory alloys.

Keywords: TiNiPd ternary shape memory alloy, DSC, XRD, SEM, EDX, Brinell Hardness Test, Heat Treatment.