This investigation was performed to study genetic improvement in yield and its components at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2021-22. Data was recorded on twelve morphological traits. Statistical analysis revealed highly significant differences for all the studied parameters across both environmental conditions. However, genotype by environment interactions were significant for majority of the traits. Performance of wheat genotypes ranged from 114 to 121 days for days to headings, 155 to 158 days for days to maturity, 86 to 94 cm for plant height, 292 to 364 for spikes meter^-2, 11 to 12 cm for spike length, 19 to 21 for spikelet’s spike^-1, 41 to 54 for grains spike^-1, 1.74 to 2.35 g for grain weight spike^-1, 50 to 55 g for 1000-grain weight, 10698 to 12628 kg ha^-1 for biological yield, 3708 to 5183 kg ha^-1 for grain yield and 35 to 44% for harvest index across both environments. Best performing genotypes were CIM-10 for days to headings, CIM-06 and CIM-10 for days to maturity, CIM-11 for plant height, CIM-11 for spikes m^-2, CIM-11, CIM-11, CIM-16 and CIM-23 for spike length, CIM-04, CIM-08, CIM-09, CIM-12, CIM-16, CIM-19, CIM-20, CIM-21, CIM-23, Wadan-17, CIM-16 and CIM-21 for spikelet’s spike^-1, CIM-12 for grains spike^-1, CIM-23 and CIM-20 for grain weight spike^-1, CIM-23 and CIM-20 for 1000-grain weight, CIM-12 and CIM-23 for biological yield, CIM-23 and CIM-06 for grain yield, CIM-23, CIM-16 and CIM-20 harvest index under irrigated and rainfed environments, respectively. These results suggested that selection could be delayed to later generations. Wheat genotype CIM-23 and CIM-06 was found superior for grain yield and is recommended for irrigated as well as rainfed environmental conditions.

Keywords: Agriculture, genotypes, genetic improvement, Triticum aestivum, irrigated, rainfed