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Association of side effects of COVID-19 vaccines in postmenopausal women

. Saira Jamshed, Farah Khan, Shazia Sultana, Amna Begum, Sana Ashfaq & Aeliya Batool


Abstract

Objective:A reliable and safe vaccines is the only certain way to avert the COVID-19 outbreak. Acceptance of vaccines is impacted by a number of variables, including beliefs about the vaccine's safety and adverse effects. Vaccine side effects can vary based on the type, but they are typically mild, localized, transient, and self-limiting. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to ascertain the side effects of COVID-19 vaccination in postmenopausal women that had been reported.

Methodology: This multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in many hospitals, using a  non-probability sampling technique. The duration of the study was about six months, from June 1, 2022, to November 30, 2022.  A total of 300 postmenopausal women with ages above 50 years who received one of the COVID-19 vaccines, for example Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Sinopharm, Sinovac, and Cansino (double doses or booster doses), were included in the study. Different demographic parameters (gender, type of vaccine, number of doses, and local and systemic side effects) were documented as frequencies and percentages. Age and weight were documented as mean and standard deviation.

Results: The study findings showed that the mean age ofpost-menopausal womenwas 58.88±7.15 years. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were found to be present as associated comorbidities in 126(42.0%) and 66(22.0%) women, respectively.Around 84(28.0%) participants received the Pfizer vaccine, followed by the AstraZeneca vaccine in 72(24.0%) participants and the Sinovac vaccine in 72(24.0%) participants. The most commonly reported side effect after 1st dose was fever, whichwas reported by 228(76.0%) participants, and out of them, 126(55.3%) reported it to be mild.Swelling of the glands was the most commonly reported side effect after the second dose in 156 (52.0%) participants. Around 126 (80.8%) of the participants described it as mild.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the most commonly reported symptoms were fever, myalgia, pain, swelling, and redness at the injection site. These overall side effects were generally mild to moderate, non-life threatening and did not necessitate hospitalization. Most vaccine recipients reported that their subjective level of acceptance was satisfactory.

Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines, post-menopausal women, myalgia, pain, fever

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