Aims and objectives:

Periodontitis is the most common disease of periodontium leading to the loss of teeth in adults. Various studies have shown that periodontal ligament cells help in the regeneration of damaged periodontium.

Methodology:

A randomized control trial from a multiple-center study was conducted among the population of Karachi. To repair the periodontal intra-bony abnormalities, autologous periodontal ligament cells were combined with bony minerals. Patients were grouped into Group A (Control group) and Group B (Treatment group). After 12 months of follow up the extent of the disease was analyzed among the population of Karachi, Pakistan. To assess the treatment's efficacy, the study's outcome was based on the regeneration of alveolar bone followed by surgery.

Results:

Ninety-two patients with the disease of periodontium with intra-bony defects were enrolled belonging to the age group 20 to 55 years. Out of these patients, 48 were enrolled in the control group and 44 were enrolled in the treatment group. These patients were clinically evaluated along with the surgical procedure. Clinically no adverse signs were observed concerning periodontal ligament cells. The study’s results revealed a significant rise in the height of the bone along with a decrease in the depth of bone defect (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:

This study concluded that periodontal intra-bony defects can be treated effectively with the help of autologous periodontal ligament cells.

Keywords: Periodontium, intra-bony defects, autologous, periodontal ligament cells