The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of Osteoanabolic exercises on Bone Mineral Density, Temporal-Spatial gait parameters, Gait Stability Ratio, Dynamic balance and fear of fall among the osteoporotic females. A 3-arm Randomized Controlled Trial was conducted at Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ziauddin Hospital using envelope method. Ninety-three osteoporotic females were randomly allocated into three groups; where group A received aerobic training protocol, group B resistance training and participant in group C had Osteoanabolic training. A Frequency Intensity Time Type protocol according to American College of Sports Medicine for aerobic and resistance training was incorporated whereas for Osteoanabolic group combination training protocol was used. Twelve weeks of training was conducted where pre and post readings were measured using activPAL, TUG, FES-I and Peripheral DEXA Scan.

Our results revealed that at 95% of confidence interval, the bone mineral density of the participants were significantly improved in all the three groups with the p-value <0.05. The gait velocity showed statistically significant result (p<0.05) with the highest improvement in the Osteoanabolic group (1.06±0.16 meters/sec). For dynamic balance, no clinical significant difference was found between aerobic and Osteoanabolic group although p<0.05 for all the groups. For fear of fall low level of concern were documented in the Osteoanabolic group (20.4±2.8) with p<0.05 among all the three groups. All exercise training protocols have shown improvement in gait, balance, BMD and fear of fall however, significant difference was observed in the Osteoanabolic group. Therefore, the future risk may be reduced through these training protocols.

Index Terms- Bone Mineral Density, Osteoporosis, Cadence, activPAL, Physical activity, Balance