Pain and inflammation have a direct impact on both human and animal health. A natural substance with a number of biological functions is resveratrol Otostegia limbata. OL's in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects are being assessed in the current investigation. The analgesic outcomes demonstrated that OL may greatly reduce the frequency of writhes and raise the pain threshold and time in mice standing on a hot plate. The anti-inflammatory outcomes demonstrated that OL could reduce mouse ear oedema. Otostegia limbata dramatically reduced the formation of NO, increased the activity of SOD in serum, and greatly inhibited WBC and pleurisy exudates in an acetic acid-induced pleurisy test. OL was able to decrease the expression of TP, PGE2, NO, and MDA as well as lower the level of MDA and increase T-SOD activity in the carrageenan-induced synovitis test. Otostegia limbata (OL) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties. Numerous inflammatory diseases depend heavily on the enzymes cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cytokines. The goal of this study was to look into the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of OL. The findings demonstrated that intraplantar injection of carrageenan caused the development of peripheral inflammation in a time-dependent manner, increasing levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-), interleukin 1 (IL-1), nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), as well as the expression of the proteins iNOS and COX-2 in the affected paw. However, systemic treatment of Otostegia limbata (1–30 mg/kg, i.p.) could lessen edoema in infrared-aimed rat paws in a dose-dependent manner, with an ED50 value of 8.41 (5.26–14.76) mg/kg. It reduced the levels of NO, PGE2, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase in the serum, suppressed the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 enzymes, and reduced the production of PGE2, TNF-, and IL-1 in infected paw tissue. We also showed that OL dramatically reduced the liver's level of malondialdehyde (MDA) five hours after carrageenan injection. Additionally, histological studies showed that indomethacin and EA both markedly reduced the migration of polymorph nuclear leukocytes into the region of inflammation.

Key word: Acetic Acid-Induced Abdominal Writhing Test, Hotplate, Carrageenan, ellagic acid,   

     Inducible nitric oxide synthase, prostaglandin E2, Rat, Otostegia limbata.