Pyrolysis may turn fuel or waste material into biochar. It has certain constraints that may impede its development in improving fuel quality and quantity. Combustion occurs in an oxygen-deficient environment due to a number of processes utilizing biomass fuel. Burning the material produces biochar. Because biochar burns so readily, it is ideal for enterprises that utilize coal. It has a big influence on the ecology. The formation of biochar may significantly increase biomass usage. Modifications to the kind of material used, as well as future process modifications, must still be handled. Because biochar is rapidly replacing traditional charcoal and coal as a fuel source, this research focuses on biochar. Recycling and composting may be less efficient than previously thought. Diverse variables must be considered while recycling. In the long run, composting may produce high-quality soil nutrients. To get the greatest benefits, manage compost properly. Recent research has revealed that pyrolysis, gasification, and plasma technologies may be used to treat agricultural wastes. Each garbage disposal process has benefits and drawbacks. Research on pyrolysis and the use of biochar in building. A review of the various biomass waste sources utilized in the production of biochar is presented here. Qualitative research, closely related to secondary research, is used to examine in depth. Data gathering is crucial in qualitative research since it helps to better comprehend the study's goals and generate new ones. Findings from the research show a clear impact on biochar properties when the pyrolysis process parameters are altered. The types of biomass used for pyrolysis significantly affect the constituents of biochar produced. But the carbon percentage always remains at the maximum because thermal conversion converts complex compounds into elemental carbon and gases, which escape in the pyrolysis process. Further, biochar can be produced with a maximum yield with a fast pyrolysis process. The construction industry has prominent applications for biochar in the filler material. Substantial modification, soil stabilization, and pavement modification can be done economically, but more research is needed to impact construction parameters like durability and strength positively. Similarly, the cost benefits are also high in producing biochar as it can be used as an alternate form of fuel for energy generation. Overall, positive prospects exist in the conversion of biomass waste into biochar, and more research is needed involving innovative materials to get sustainable benefits from using biochar in productive applications.

Keywords: biochar, pyrolysis, biochar in construction and biomass thermal conversion