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Phytochemical Screening, Anti-Oxidant and Enzymatic Activity of Azadirachta Indica

. Samra Malik, Ghazala Shaheen, Hafiz Muhammad Asif, Tayyeba Rehman, Tahira Shamim, Laila Sumreen, Farah Zafar, Shumail Fatima and Fazal Hussain.


Abstract

Introduction:Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) is an evergreen tree. A.indica's various components have wide range of chemicals which includes azadirachtin, nimbin, nimbinin, nimbandiol, nimbolide, and nimbidin. A.indica is utilizedto treat various diseases like rheumatism, syphilitic sores,leucoderma, ophthalmopathy, leprosy, intermittent fevers, burning, pruritus, dyspepsia, tuberculosis, lumbago, psoriasis, acne, eczema, leprosyand blood impurities. Itspharmacologicalproperties includesantioxidant,antimicrobial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic,antifungal, antiviral and anxiolytic.

Methodology:The anti-oxidant activity was evaluated in vitro by DPPH free radical scavenging method and alpha amylase as well as alpha glucosidase enzymesinhibitory activity was performed.

Results:The Azadirachta indica leaf extract showed significant anti-oxidant and enzyme inhibition activity as compared to the standard drugs.Antioxidant activity showed 83.23 ± 0.1% at the concentration of 5mg/ml with an IC50 value of 0.488 mg/ml.Ascorbic acid was used as a standard.A.indica showed 66.7±0.1% and 63.5± 0.01%at 5mg/ml inhibitionfor Alpha glucosidase enzymes and Alpha amylase with an IC50 value of 1.325 mg/ml and1.414 mg/mlrespectively.A.indica leaves extract phytochemical screening demonstratedthe existence of lipids, carbohydrates, tannins, phenols,alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids/terpenes, coumarins, and quinones.

Conclusion:In accordance with the findings, it can be concluded that A.indica has significant antioxidant and enzymes inhibitory activities. A.indica can be employed as an antioxidant agent, alpha glucosidae and alpha amylaseinhibitors for treating various diseases.

Key Words:Azadirachta indica, Antioxidant,Alpha glucosidae, Alpha amylase,phytochemical

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