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Effect of different environmental condition on phenology and yield of common bean landraces

. Sajidullah Khan, Abdur Rashid, Asad Ullah and Asim Muhammad.


Abstract

A research was conducted at three different altitudes and different environmental conditions i.e. Swat, Peshawar and Bannu. Eight common bean landraces i.e. CB-1, CB-2, CB-3, CB-4, CB-5, CB-6, CB-7, CB-8 were used. These common bean landraces were sown during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. These landraces of common beans were collected from different mountains of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. These landraces was sown in three diverse environments (Swat, Peshawar and Bannu) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Swat lies in Northern part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with altitude 985 m, Peshawar (320m) and Bannu (359m) . Plot size of 3m x 2m was used each consisting of five rows with row to row distance of 50 cm and plant to plant distance was 10cm. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications. The basal dose of nitrogen (Urea 25 Kgha-1) and phosphorous (60 Kgha-1) was applied at time of sowing. The land race CB-5 resulted in highest days to emergence (21.50 days), days to flowering (54.83 days), days to pod initiation (63.33 days), days to pod elongation (69.56 days), days to seed initiation (72.1 days), days to full seed formation (83.67 days) and days to full maturity (108.44 days) as compared to CB-1. The landraces sown in Swat had early emergence, flowering, pod initiation, pod elongation, seed initiation, full seed formation and full maturity as compared with Peshawar and Bannu. The landraces sown in 2017 showed minimum days to emergence, days to flowering, days to pod initiation, days to pod elongation, days to seed initiation, days to full seed formation and days to full maturity as compared with landraces sown in 2018. It is concluded that CB-1 had early emergence, flowering, pod elongation, seed initiation, full seed formation and maturity under Swat environmental conditions in the first experiment. Hence, sowing of CB-1 under the environmental condition of Swat is recommended.

Keywords: common bean; environments;  reproductive stages;

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