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Elemental Analysis of Black Tourmaline Found in the Mines of Astak Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), by Using Calibration Free Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (CF-LIBS)

. Muhammad Sharif, Muhammad Raza and Zeshan Adeel Umer


Abstract

This study comprises compositional analysis of Black Tourmaline collected from the mines of Astak valley, Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan. The quantitative analysis were performed by using Calibration-Free Laser Induce Breakdown Spectroscopy (CF-LIBS). The high intense Nd: YAG laser focused on the surface of black tourmaline and produced plasma plume. Plasma cooldown with in few micro second, the optical emission spectra were noted in this process and recorded by using spectrometer. Optical emission spectral lines given information about the major and trace elements found in Black Tourmaline. This sample composed of Ca, Al, Mn, Ti, Fe, Li, Cr, K, B, Pb. Ba, and Si. The nature of Black Tourmaline found in the mine of Astak valley, Gilgit-Baltistan is unique than other 36 types found in different regions of the world, it belongs to Schorl species of tourmaline.

Keywords: Laser, Black Tourmaline, Plasma, Astak Valley, Calibration-Free.

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